Engineering

Torque

Definition

Torque is the rotational equivalent of force, equal to the applied force multiplied by the perpendicular distance from the pivot point, measured in newton-meters (N·m) or pound-feet (lb·ft).

Explanation

A 20 N force applied 0.5 m from a bolt produces 10 N·m of torque. Car engine torque—typically 200–600 N·m for passenger vehicles—determines acceleration feel at low speeds, while horsepower governs top-end performance. Torque wrenches allow fasteners to be tightened to precise specifications, preventing both under-tightening (joint failure) and over-tightening (stripped threads).

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