十進法
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定義
各桁の値が次に小さい桁の10倍である基数10の記数法で、メートル法の数学的基礎をなす。
解説
The decimal system uses ten digits (0–9) and positional notation: in 1,234.56, the '1' represents 1,000, '2' represents 200, '3' represents 30, '4' represents 4, '5' represents 0.5, and '6' represents 0.06. Metric prefixes exploit this structure — kilo (×1,000), hecto (×100), deca (×10), deci (÷10), centi (÷100), milli (÷1,000) — making unit conversion as simple as moving a decimal point.
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