Engineering

변형률

정의

인가된 응력 하에서 재료의 변형량(길이 변화)과 원래 길이의 무차원 비: ε = ΔL/L₀.

설명

A 1-meter steel rod that stretches 0.001 m under load has a strain of 0.001, or 0.1%. Steel remains elastic (returns to original shape) up to strains of about 0.2%. Beyond the yield strain, permanent plastic deformation occurs. Strain gauges bonded to structures measure deformation electrically, enabling real-time monitoring of bridges, aircraft wings, and medical implants.

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